Knowledge Base

How To Save a File from Visual C++ in UNIX Format

Article ID: 268901

Article Last Modified on 7/13/2004

APPLIES TO

Microsoft Visual C++ 5.0 Standard Edition
Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0 Service Pack 5
Microsoft Visual C++ .NET 2003 Standard Edition
Microsoft Visual C++ .NET 2002 Standard Edition

This article was previously published under Q268901

SUMMARY

When you edit source files in Visual C++ and save them, the lines are terminated with the "CR/LF" [carriage return, line feed] character combination. On UNIX systems, lines are terminated by "LF". So, when you view files that were edited under Windows on UNIX systems you may see many "^M" characters terminating the lines. This happens if the editor you are using doesn't know how to interpret the Windows file. Visual C++ can open files that have lines that terminate with the UNIX-created LF. If you edit this file and save it from Visual C++ then it is saved in the Windows format (you will see CR/LF and not the LF that was present previously).

This article describes a procedure for saving an edited file created on a Windows platform in a format that can be used on UNIX systems.

NOTE: The Visual C++ .NET IDE has a feature available to save a file in UNIX format. In IDE, save the file using Save As..., from the Save drop-down list, select Save with Encoding..., and thrn click Yes. From the Line Encoding drop-down list, select Unix (LF), and then click OK.

MORE INFORMATION

You can use the following steps to create a Win32 console project that will convert a file containing "CR/LF" for line termination to "LF":

Use the Win32 Console Application AppWizard to create a new empty project named DOS2UNIX.
From the File menu, click New, and then click the Files tab.
Select C/C++ Source File and name the new file DOS2UNIX.cpp.

Paste the following code into DOS2UNIX.cpp:

#include<windows.h>
#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>
using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    if(argc !=2)
    {
        cout << "Please specify : dos2unix filename" << endl;
        return 0;
    }
    char ch;
    char temp[MAX_PATH]="\0";

    //Open the file for reading in binarymode.
    ifstream fp_read(argv[1], ios_base::in \ 
        | ios_base::binary);
    sprintf(temp, "%s.temp", argv[1]);
    //Create a temporary file for writing in the binary mode. This
    //file will be created in the same directory as the input file.
    ofstream fp_write(temp, ios_base::out \ 
        | ios_base::trunc \ 
        | ios_base::binary);

    while(fp_read.eof() != true)
    {
        fp_read.get(ch);
        //Check for CR (carriage return)
        if((int)ch == 0x0D)
            continue;
        if (!fp_read.eof())fp_write.put(ch);
    }

    fp_read.close();
    fp_write.close();
    //Delete the existing input file.
    remove(argv[1]);
    //Rename the temporary file to the input file.
    rename(temp, argv[1]);
    //Delete the temporary file.
    remove(temp);

    return 0;
}

From the Build menu, click Build DOS2UNIX.exe to generate the .exe file.

You may want to test this .exe file to see if it works properly. To do so, open an existing file in the Visual C++ binary editor by selecting Open under the File menu, selecting DOS2UNIX.ex, setting Open as to Binary, and then clicking Open. For example, if the file contains "HelloCRLFWorld", the binary (hexadecimal) data would look like:

48 65 6C 6C 6F 0D 0A 57 6F 72 6C 64

This is equivalent to:

Hello
World

From a command prompt, run the command dos2unix.exe <file name>. Next, open the file in the Visual C++ binary editor. You will see that the 0x0Ds are removed. As long as you don't edit the file and save it in Visual C++ the 0x0Ds will not appear.

You can use this in conjunction with Visual C++ automation to automate the entire process. A simple Microsoft Visual Basic Script macro can be written to call this tool, but first this tool must be added to the Tools menu as follows:

From the Tools menu, click Customize, and then click the Tools tab.
Specify a name, such as DOS2UNIX, and provide the full path to the Dos2unix.exe file in the Command edit box.
For argument, specify $(FileName)$(FileExt).
For initial directory, specify $(WkspDir) (specify your own path).

To verify that the tool works, open a file in the Visual C++ editor, and then from the Tools menu run the DOS2UNIX tool. You will see that the file that you opened in the editor has had all its CR characters removed.

If you want to automate this process so that every time you save an opened file in the Visual C++ editor, the DOS2UNIX.exe tool is called to remove the 0x0Ds, then use the following VBScript macro:

'This event is fired every time the document is saved in the VC++ Editor.
Sub Application_DocumentSave(theDocument)

'This will call the user tool in the Tools menu.
'Change the number depending upon what you have. By default you only
'have 6 tools under the Tools menu, so the DOS2UNIX tool will be the 7th.

ExecuteCommand "UserTool7" 

End Sub

This VBScript code will work only if you have a file open in the Visual C++ editor. This is the only way to call an .exe file from a VBScript macro (you cannot pass parameters to a VBScript macro). You can write an add-in instead, and this would be more flexible. You can call the DOS2UNIX.exe tool from an add-in without having to add it to the Tools menu.

To use the provided VBScript macro in Visual C++:

Open an existing file that has a .dsm extension or create one.
Paste the code provided previously into the file.
In Visual C++ do the following:
1. From the Tools menu, click Customize.
2. Click the Add-ins and Macros Files tab.
3. Click Browse to load the .dsm file that contains the macro. Once the .dsm file has been selected in the Browse dialog box, your file will appear in the Add-ins and macro file list with a selected checkbox next to it.
4. Click Close to continue.

Now, if you open a file in the Visual C++ editor and save the file from the File menu, the macro will be called and all 0x0Ds will be removed from the opened file. Because this will affect any file you save from this point onwards and will apply to any project you open in the future, make sure that you disable the macro from Tools menu by using Customize (clear the checkbox next to the macro).

If you are using Microsoft Visual SourceSafe as the source code management tool, then see the following Knowledge Base article:

170750 INFO: End of Line Character Settings for Visual SourceSafe

REFERENCES

For more information see "Developer Studio Objects" in the MSDN Library:

http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/vcug98/html/_asug_reference.3a_.developer_studio_objects.asp

Also see "Argument Macros":

http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/vcug98/html/_asug_argument_macros.asp

Keywords: kbhowto kbscript kbvcobj kbide kbautomation kbdevstudio KB268901

Microsoft KB Archive/268901

Contents

How To Save a File from Visual C++ in UNIX Format

SUMMARY

MORE INFORMATION

REFERENCES