Article ID: 239482
Article Last Modified on 8/10/2004
APPLIES TO
- Microsoft Access 2000 Standard Edition
- Microsoft Access 2002 Standard Edition
- Microsoft Open Database Connectivity Driver for Access 4.0
- Microsoft Office 2000 Professional Edition
This article was previously published under Q239482
This article applies only to a Microsoft Access database (.mdb).
Moderate: Requires basic macro, coding, and interoperability skills.
For a Microsoft Office Access 2003 version of this article, see 294698.
Important This article contains information about modifying the registry. Before you modify the registry, make sure to back it up and make sure that you understand how to restore the registry if a problem occurs. For information about how to back up, restore, and edit the registry, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:
256986 Description of the Microsoft Windows Registry
SUMMARY
The Microsoft Jet 4.0 database engine permits you to call unsafe Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications functions through the Microsoft Jet Expression Service. The Jet Expression Service is used to evaluate expressions in forms, in reports, and in queries.
For example, the following SQL statement may cause all files to be deleted from the current folder on your computer:
SELECT Shell("Cmd /c del *.*") As c1 From Customers
Note The Shell command in this example works in Microsoft Windows NT. You must modify the command as follows for the command to work on a computer that is running Microsoft Windows 95 or Microsoft Windows 98:
SELECT Shell("Command.com /c del *.*") As c1 From Customers
The security risk occurs when expressions contain Visual Basic for Applications commands that can do damage to the computer that is running the query, such as Shell commands to delete files or to format the computer.
IN THIS TASK
- Introduction
- Understand how to enable or how to disable Sandbox mode
- Implement Sandbox mode operations
INTRODUCTION
The evaluation of expressions is a behavior that is desirable in many circumstances. However, if part of the expression contains a Shell command, the Shell command is parsed and then executed on the computer.
You can use Sandbox mode to block such operations. However, the default for Jet 4.0 Sandbox mode is not to enable Sandbox mode for queries that are run in Microsoft Access. Sandbox mode is enabled for all other non-Access applications, such as Open Database Connectivity (ODBC).
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Understand how to enable or how to disable Sandbox mode
Warning If you use Registry Editor incorrectly, you may cause serious problems that may require you to reinstall your operating system. Microsoft cannot guarantee that you can solve problems that result from using Registry Editor incorrectly. Use Registry Editor at your own risk.
You can enable Sandbox mode for non-Access applications. To do this, you must install Microsoft Jet 4.0 Service Pack 3 (SP3) or later. After you install this update, the next time that you run Jet a new registry key is added to the registry. This new registry key prevents this type of possible security risk. The following is the registry key that is added:
\\HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Jet\4.0\engines\SandboxMode
For additional information about how to obtain the latest Jet 4.0 Service Pack, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:
239114 How to obtain the latest service pack for the Microsoft Jet 4.0 Database Engine
To make your system more resistant to malicious attacks, and at the same time make it possible for older applications to keep running, the operation of Sandbox mode changed in Jet 4.0 Service Pack 8 so that Sandbox mode is completely under your control.
You can set the key to the following values, with 0 (zero) being the most permissive and 3 being the least permissive:
| Setting | Description |
|---|---|
| 0 | Sandbox mode is disabled at all times. |
| 1 | Sandbox mode is used for Access applications, but not for non-Access Applications. |
| 2 | Sandbox mode is used for non-Access applications, but not for Access Applications. This is the default value. |
| 3 | Sandbox mode is used at all times. |
After you enable Sandbox mode, and then you try to use the unsafe Visual Basic for Applications functions in a Jet 4.0 query, you receive the following error message:
Implement Sandbox mode operations
How you can implement Sandbox mode is extended in Jet 4.0 Service Pack 8 to be more compatible with Access databases. Previous implementations of Sandbox mode were too restrictive for most Access applications. Starting with Jet 4.0 Service Pack 8, the enhanced Sandbox mode continues to block unsafe Visual Basic for Applications functions, but Jet 4.0 Service Pack 8 now permits the execution of user-defined functions.
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Use Sandbox mode operations with Jet 4.0 Service Pack 3 and later
You can use the following list of functions in Jet queries when Sandbox mode is enabled. Any functions that do not appear in the list are not available in Sandbox mode.
| ABS | array | ASC | ASCB | ASCW | ATN |
| CBOOL | CBYTE | CCUR | CDATE | CDBL | choose |
| CHR | CHR$ | CHRB | CHRB$ | CHRW | CHRW$ |
| CINT | CLNG | COS | CSNG | CSTR | CVAR |
| CvDate | CVErr | date | DATE$ | DATEADD | dateDiff |
| datePart | DATESERIAL | DATEVALUE | day | DDB | error |
| error$ | EXP | fix | format | format$ | fv |
| hex | hex$ | HOUR | IIF | IMEStatus | inStr |
| INT | IPMT | IRR | isDate | isEmpty | ISERROR |
| isNull | isNumeric | isObject | lCase | lCase$ | LEFT |
| LEFT$ | LEFTB | LEFTB$ | LEN | LENB | LOG |
| lTrim | lTrim$ | MID | MID$ | MIDB | MIDB$ |
| MINUTE | MIRR | MONTH | NOW | NPER | NPV |
| oct | oct$ | partition | PMT | PPMT | PV |
| QBColor | RATE | RGB | RIGHT | RIGHT$ | RIGHTB |
| RIGHTB$ | rnd | round | rTrim | rTrim$ | SECOND |
| sgn | SIN | SLN | space | space$ | sqr |
| str | str$ | strComp | strConv | string | string$ |
| switch | SYD | TAN | TIME | TIME$ | timer |
| timeSerial | TIMEVALUE | TRIM | TRIM$ | typeName | uCase |
| uCase$ | val | varType | WEEKDAY | YEAR |
Understand Visual Basic for Applications functions that cause errors when called from a Jet query or an Access property when using Jet 4.0 Service Pack 8
The following Visual Basic for Applications functions will cause an error when the functions are called from an expression in a Jet query or from an Access property:
| AppActivate | Beep | Calendar | CallByName | ChDir |
| ChDrive | Command | Command$ | CreateObject | CurDir |
| CurDir$ | DeleteSetting | DoEvents | Environ | Environ$ |
| EOF | Err | FileAttr | FileCopy | FileDateTime |
| FileLen | FreeFile | GetAllSettings | GetAttr | GetObject |
| GetSetting | Input | Input$ | InputB | InputB$ |
| Kill | Load | Loc | LOF | Randomize |
| Reset | SaveSetting | Seek | SendKeys | SetAttr |
| Shell | Spc | Tab | Unload | UserForms |
| Width |
Additional query words: acc2000 acc2002
Keywords: kbhowto kbinfo kbfix kbconfig KB239482
