Microsoft KB Archive/146651

= How To Call SQL Stored Procedures from Visual Basic =

Article ID: 146651

Article Last Modified on 6/29/2004

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APPLIES TO


 * Microsoft Visual Basic 4.0 Professional Edition
 * Microsoft Visual Basic 4.0 Professional Edition
 * Microsoft Visual Basic 4.0 16-bit Enterprise Edition
 * Microsoft Visual Basic 4.0 32-Bit Enterprise Edition

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This article was previously published under Q146651



SUMMARY
This article describes how to call Microsoft SQL stored procedures from Microsoft Visual Basic for Windows. A stored procedure is a precompiled collection of SQL statements, often including control-of-flow language.



MORE INFORMATION
The method of calling depends on whether the SQL stored procedure returns records or not. For example:

  Stored procedures that do not return records (or rows) can be executed from Visual Basic with the ExecuteSQL method as follows: i% = MyDb.ExecuteSQL("sp_name")

This executes the stored procedure sp_name and returns the affected number of rows in i%. The ExecuteSQL method is strictly for action queries such as: Delete Authors where name like "fred%"

The ExecuteSQL method is valid only for SQL statements that do not return records (or rows). An SQL statement that uses "SELECT..." returns records, while an SQL statement that uses "DELETE..." does not. Neither Execute nor ExecuteSQL return a recordset, so using ExecuteSQL on a query that selects records produces an error.   Stored procedures that return records (or rows) require a Dynaset or Snapshot to capture the values. Listed below are two examples:

Example Using a Data Control on a Visual Basic Form: Data1.Options = dbSQLPassThrough Data1.Recordsource = "sp_name" ' name of the stored procedure. Data1.Refresh  ' Refresh the data control.

When you use the SqlPassThrough bit, Visual Basic's Microsoft Access database engine ignores the syntax used and passes the command through to the SQL server.

Alternative Example Using Object Variables: Dim Ds as Recordset ' Open your desired database here. Set MyDB = DBEngine.Workspaces(0).OpenDatabase(...  Set Ds = MyDB.OpenRecordset("sp_name", dbOpenDynaset, _ dbSQLPassThrough)

You can also use 'dbOpenSnapshot' in place of 'dbOpenDynaset' above.

How to Pass Parameters to a Stored Procedure
To pass parameters, include them after the name of the stored procedure in a string. For example: ' String specifying SQL. command.SQLx = "My_StorProc parm1, parm2, parm3" ...     ' For stored procedure that doesn't return records. i = MyDB.ExecuteSQL(SQLx) ...     'For stored procedure that returns records. set Ds = MyDB.OpenRecordset(SQLx, dbOpenDynaset, dbSQLPassThrough)

The object variable (Ds) contains the first set of results from the stored procedure (My_StorProc).

Another Example
The following contains more example code showing both methods: Dim db as Database Dim l as Long Dim Ss as Recordset Set Db = DBEngine.Workspaces(0).OpenDatabase _ ("", False, False, "ODBC;dsn=yourdsn;uid=youruid;pwd=yourpwd:") ' For SPs that don't return rows. l=Db.ExecuteSQL("YourSP_Name") ' For SPs that return rows. Set Ss = Db.OpenRecordset("YourSP_Name", dbOpenSnapshot, _      dbSQLPassThrough) Col1.text = Ss(0) ' Column one. Col2.text = Ss!ColumnName Col3.Text=Ss("ColumnName")



