Microsoft KB Archive/104224

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XL: Returning the First or Last Match in an Array

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The information in this article applies to:


 * Microsoft Excel for Windows, versions 2.x, 3.0, 4.0, 4.0a, 5.0
 * Microsoft Excel for Windows, version 7.0
 * Microsoft Excel 97 for Windows
 * Microsoft Excel for the Macintosh, versions 2.x, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0

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SUMMARY
In Microsoft Excel you can use the LOOKUP function to search for a value within an array of sorted data and return the corresponding value contained in that position within another array. If the lookup value is repeated within the array, it will return the last match encountered. This behavior is true for the VLOOKUP, HLOOKUP, and LOOKUP functions.

To find the first value instead of the last value in an array, you can use the INDEX and MATCH functions.

MORE INFORMATION
The example below contrasts the results you get when you use the LOOKUP function with the results you get when you use the INDEX and MATCH functions:

Example
In a new worksheet, type the following data:

  A1: 1   B1: Red    C1: =LOOKUP(1,A1:A4,B1:B4) A2: 1  B2: Blue   C2: =INDEX(A1:B4,MATCH(1,A1:A4,0),2) A3: 2  B3: Orange A4: 3  B4: Yellow

In this example worksheet, cell C1 will return the last match of the value 1, resulting in the text string "Blue" being returned to the cell. However, cell C2 will return the first match of the value 1, resulting in the text string "Red" being returned to the cell.

Note that when you use the INDEX and MATCH functions, the lookup array does not need to be sorted in ascending order; however you must specify a match_type argument of 0 in order to return the correct value.