Microsoft KB Archive/61941

= Tips for Importing Lotus 1-2-3 Files to Excel =

Article ID: 61941

Article Last Modified on 11/16/2006

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APPLIES TO


 * Microsoft Excel 97 Standard Edition
 * Microsoft Excel 95 Standard Edition
 * Microsoft Excel 5.0 Standard Edition

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This article was previously published under Q61941





SUMMARY
This article contains information about potential issues you may encounter when you import Lotus 1-2-3 files into Microsoft Excel.

Opening WK4 Files
To open Lotus 1-2-3 WK4 files in Microsoft Excel version 5.0, you must obtain the Lotus 1-2-3 WK4 file converter. The Lotus 1-2-3 WK4 file converter is available in the &quot;Lotus 1-2-3 WK4 File Converter&quot; (WE1130) Application Note. NOTE: Microsoft Excel 7.0 and Microsoft Excel 97 include a Wk4 file converter. The converter included with Microsoft Excel 7.0 allows you to read the Lotus 1-2-3 Wk4 file format. The converter in Microsoft Excel 97 allows you to read and write the Wk4 format.

Formatting
When you open a Lotus 1-2-3 worksheet or workbook, Microsoft Excel applies the formatting stored in any associated .fmt, .fm3, or .all files. Be sure that the associated formatting file is stored in the same folder as the .wk? file. If you resave a Lotus 1-2-3 file in the Microsoft Excel (.xls) format, Microsoft Excel saves the spreadsheet data and formatting in a single workbook file.

Objects
In Microsoft Excel 5.0, when you open a Lotus 1-2-3 WK4 file, any drawing objects, such as macro buttons, text boxes, and lines, are not converted. Additionally, worksheet names are displayed as the Lotus 1-2-3 default: A, B, C, and so on. The Lotus 1-2-3 WK4 file converter does not convert drawing objects on a worksheet. This includes any of the following items:   arc arrow button ellipse embedded object freehand line polygon polyline rectangle rounded rectangle text NOTE: This problem does not occur in later versions. All objects are converted when you open them in Microsoft Excel 7.0 and later.

Charts
Microsoft Excel 4.0 and Later:

In Lotus 1-2-3, versions 3.x and later, you can create a graph on a chart sheet or create the chart as an object on the worksheet. In Lotus 1-2-3, version 2.x, if you use the WYSIWYG add-in, you can place a graph on a worksheet.

By default, Microsoft Excel automatically converts any charts associated with a Lotus 1-2-3 worksheet. You can use the following setting in the Excel4.ini and Excel5.ini files to suppress the creation of chart sheets when you open a Lotus 1-2-3 file:   Load_Chart_Wnd=0 Because Microsoft Excel can read Impress (.fm3) files and Allways (.all) formatting files, you can import a Lotus 1-2-3 worksheet that contains a chart on the worksheet. The chart appears on the worksheet as it does in Lotus 1-2-3.

Microsoft Excel 2.x and 3.x:

When you import a file that contains a graph, Microsoft Excel 2.x and 3.x display a prompt for each graph that is stored with the worksheet or is located on the worksheet. You are prompted whether to convert the file to a Microsoft Excel chart. If you click Yes, Microsoft Excel creates a new chart window. In Microsoft Excel 3.x, you can then copy the chart to the worksheet.

Databases
The Database, Criteria, and Extract defined ranges are successfully imported and function properly. However, database criteria ranges are evaluated differently when you extract data, find data, and use database functions. For example, a criteria of &quot;John&quot; finds only rows with cells that contain &quot;John.&quot; If you clear the Transition Formula Evaluation check box, a criteria of &quot;John&quot; finds rows that contain cells with values beginning with &quot;John&quot;; for example, cells that contain &quot;John,&quot; &quot;Johnson,&quot; and &quot;Johnsen&quot; are found.

Calculations
Whenever you open a Lotus 1-2-3 file, the Transition Formula Entry check box is selected. When this feature is selected, Microsoft Excel converts formulas that are entered with Lotus 1-2-3 syntax to Microsoft Excel syntax and makes names defined in Microsoft Excel behave as defined names do in Lotus 1-2-3.

Microsoft Excel calculates formulas differently from Lotus 1-2-3. When a cell that contains text is used in a formula, Lotus 1-2-3 assigns a value of 0 (zero) to the cell. In Microsoft Excel, you cannot combine text and numeric entries in the same formula. However, when you use a worksheet function in Microsoft Excel, a value of 0 is assigned to cells that contain text. For example, if you clear the Transition Formula Evaluation check box, and you type text in cell A1 and the value 100 in cell B1; the formula =A1+B1 returns the #VALUE! error value. However, the worksheet formula =SUM(A1,B1) returns the value 100.

Lotus 1-2-3 evaluates Boolean expressions to 0 or 1 and displays 0 or 1 in the cell. For example, in Lotus 1-2-3, the expression 2<3 displays 1 in the cell to represent True; Microsoft Excel displays True or False in the cell.

If you select the Transition Formula Evaluation check box, Microsoft Excel displays 0 for False and 1 for True.

Some functions, including @MOD, @VLOOKUP, and @HLOOKUP, are evaluated differently. For example, the @VLOOKUP function in Lotus 1-2-3 searches for an exact match in the first column; the VLOOKUP worksheet function in Microsoft Excel assumes the first column is sorted and finds the closest value in the first column that does not exceed the lookup value. The VLOOKUP and HLOOKUP worksheet functions in Microsoft Excel include a fourth argument, range_lookup. If you set this argument to False, Microsoft Excel searches for an exact match.

To cause Microsoft Excel to calculate formulas as Lotus 1-2-3 does, follow these steps:
 * 1) On the Tools menu, click Options. Click the Transition tab.
 * 2) Click Transition Formula Evaluation, and click OK.

Calculation Order
Mathematical Order of Precedence Differences

This table compares the mathematical operators used by Microsoft Excel and Lotus 1-2-3.                     Lotus                 Microsoft Operator         1-2-3      Precedence   Excel      Precedence ---

Exponentiation   ^             1st        ^            2nd

Positive and     + and -       2nd        + and -      1st negative

Multiplication   * and /       3rd        * and /      3rd and division

Addition and     + and -       4th        + and -      4th Subtraction

Comparison       = < >         5th        = < >        5th <= >=                   <= >=

Logical NOT      #not#         6th        NOT        6th

Logical AND      #and# and     7th        AND and    7th and OR         #or#                     OR

String           &             7th        &            7th concatenation NOTE: Lotus 1-2-3 evaluates the exponentiation operator (^) before the negation operator (-). Microsoft Excel evaluates the negation operator first. For example, in Lotus 1-2-3, the formula =-2^4 returns the value -16, but returns 16 in Microsoft Excel. To correct this difference, use parentheses to change the order of evaluation; for example, =-(2^4) produces -16.

Links
In Microsoft Excel, when you open a Lotus 1-2-3 .wk4 file that contains a link to another file, the cells may be updated with a #REF! error value. To update an external link in a Lotus 1-2-3 .wk4 file, follow these steps:
 * 1) In Microsoft Excel, click Links on the Edit menu.
 * 2) In the Links dialog box, select the link that you want to update. Click Update Now.

NOTE: If you want to open the source document, click Open. This also updates the external link.

To avoid this behavior, save the file in the Microsoft Excel workbook format.

Converting Dates
Microsoft Excel and Lotus 1-2-3 use the same serial date systems. The serial values in Microsoft Excel 7.0 and earlier range from 0 (1/1/1900) to 65380 (12/31/2078). Serial date values in Lotus 1-2-3 range from 0 to 73050 (12/31/2099). If you import a date from Lotus 1-2-3 that contains a date function with a year later then 2078, the function returns a #NUM! error value. If you import a worksheet that contains a formatted date with a year later than 2078, Microsoft Excel fills the cell with 255 number signs (#).

NOTE: This problem does not exist in Microsoft Excel 97 because it allows dates up to the year 9999.

Macros
Macros in Lotus 1-2-3 are stored directly on the worksheet. This is different from how Microsoft Excel stores macros. Microsoft Excel stores macros on a macro sheet (in Microsoft Excel 4.0) or in a module sheet for macros written in Visual Basic for Applications for Microsoft Excel 5.0 and later.

Microsoft Excel 4.0a and Later:

Some earlier versions of Microsoft Excel can run Lotus 1-2-3 macros directly. You do not have to translate (rewrite) the macro. When you open a Lotus 1-2-3 file that contains macros, you can see a list of all the available 1-2-3 macros by looking at the list of defined names for that workbook. To run the Lotus 1-2-3 macro, press CTRL and the associated letter for the macro. For example, press CTRL+P.

NOTE: Excel 97 with Security update (8.0h and later), and Excel 2000 do not run Lotus 1-2-3 macros.

Microsoft Excel 4.0 and Earlier:

To convert (rewrite) Lotus 1-2-3 macros to Microsoft Excel macros, do the following:
 * 1) In Microsoft Excel, open the Lotus 1-2-3 worksheet that contains the macro.
 * 2) On the control menu, click Run. To open the control menu, press ALT+SPACEBAR.
 * 3) Click Macro Translator, and then click OK.
 * 4) On the Translate menu, click Lotus 1-2-3. Select the name of the worksheet you want to convert.
 * 5) Select the name of the macro that you want to convert. If you want the translator to list the 1-2-3 macro beside the converted Microsoft Excel macro, click the Verbose option.

Microsoft Excel places the converted macro on a new macro sheet.

