Windows 98/4.10.1351/Release Notes

Microsoft® "Memphis" Developer Release

Release Notes

December 15, 1996

This guide contains installation instructions, technical application notes and known issues for the new features included in this release. Please read this guide carefully. This guide is not a complete documentation for all product features. This guide will not be available in the final product, but the material will be merged into the standard printed documentation and help files. The purpose of this guide is to enable you to focus on beta testing the new and updated components.

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All information contained in this document is confidential, and is further governed by your Non-Disclosure Agreement with Microsoft. This document is provided as part of a pre-release product, is subject to change without notice, and may be changed substantially prior to commercial release.

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Ó 1995 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

Microsoft, MS-DOS, MS, Windows, Windows NT,  are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the U.S.A. and/or other countries.



Other product and company names mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their respective owners.

Contents

 * 1) General Information	5
 * 2) Welcome!	5
 * 3) 10 Responsibilities of a Beta Tester	5
 * 4) Before You Start	6
 * 5) Read this Guide	6
 * 6) Installing the Software	7
 * 7) What is Memphis?	8
 * 8) What's New in Memphis	8
 * 9) Beta Preview - Coming soon to a computer near you	10
 * 10) Application Notes	11
 * 11) Hardware Support	11
 * 12) FAT32	11
 * 13) Multiple Display Support	15
 * 14) Win32 Driver Model (WDM)	17
 * 15) PCMCIA	19
 * 16) Power Management	20
 * 17) Device Drivers	21
 * 18) IrDA Device Drivers and Utilities	23
 * 19) Under the Hood	24
 * 20) Internet	25
 * 21) Internet Explorer	25
 * 22) Internet Mail and News	25
 * 23) NetMeeting	25
 * 24) Internet Connection Wizard	26
 * 25) Shell, User and GDI	26
 * 26) Plus! Features	26
 * 27) Miscellaneous User/GDI enhancements	27
 * 28) Image Color Matching 2.0 API	27
 * 29) Display Control Panel Improvements	28
 * 30) Communications and Networking	29
 * 31) Dial Up Networking and Dial Up Scripting	29
 * 32) TAPI 2.0	29
 * 33) Unimodem/V	30
 * 34) ISDN 1.1	30
 * 35) NDIS 4.1	30
 * 36) ATM	30
 * 37) Winsock 2.0	30
 * 38) Remote Access Server	30
 * 39) Microsoft Service for NetWare Directory Service (MS-NDS)	31
 * 40) Microsoft 32-bit DLC protocol stack	31
 * 41) Applets and Utilities	31
 * 42) Backup	31
 * 43) Internet Update Manager	32
 * 44) Web-based Bug Submission	32
 * 45) Dr. Watson	32
 * 46) Calc	32
 * 47) Windows Scripting	32
 * 48) Windows Messaging (Inbox) Update	33
 * 49) Imaging by Wang	33
 * 50) General & Miscellaneous	34
 * 51) Version	34
 * 52) OLE/DCOM	34
 * 53) Multimedia	34
 * 54) Windows Management Infrastructure	35
 * 55) Running ScanDisk after bad shutdown	35
 * 56) Updated Time Zone, Daylight Savings Time and International Dialing
 * 57) Codes settings	35
 * 58) Service Packs	35
 * 59) Release Notes: Known Third-Party Application Issues	36

General Information
Welcome! Welcome to the Beta Test Program for Memphis, the next major release of Windows. This is the first beta release, called "Memphis Developer Release, December 1996". This document describes the key new features since Windows 95 Gold shipped last year. This release represents a beta of the Memphis base code, new hardware support, and other features described in this document but not a beta of the complete Memphis product. We believe that this is a solid release and a good platform for testing hardware and application compatibility. YOUR participation and YOUR timely feedback are critical to the success of this product! Please install this product on as many different hardware configurations as possible, and report both your successes and your problems as soon as possible. Successes should be reported using our web-based survey tools, while bugs should be reported using the web-based bug report tools or MSReport. Please see the Beta Guide for information on the specific bug reporting procedures.

10 Responsibilities of a Beta Tester:


 * 1) Please maintain confidentiality about this release and its features.
 * 2) Install and use the software promptly.
 * 3) Test the product for application and hardware compatibility, and report problems and suggestions promptly.
 * 4) Ensure that the pre-release software is used only by the beta test participants at your site in accordance with the Microsoft Beta Tester's Non-Disclosure Agreement you or your company signed.
 * 5) Understand that the increased level of contact (such as phone calls from Microsoft to you) is for the beta test period only. At the conclusion of the beta test program, normal product support will be available.
 * 6) Allow Microsoft access to the designated beta test equipment if necessary.
 * 7) Understand that a pre-release product may contain problems that could affect normal office productivity. You should expect some down time, and you might encounter loss of data. You should back up your system before installing the pre-release software, and often during the beta test program. Microsoft is not responsible for any problems resulting from the use of this pre-release software.
 * 8) Upon notice of completion of the beta test, destroy all of the pre-release software and beta program documentation.
 * 9) If you manufacture products that are designed to be compatible with Windows 95, you may be asked to provide loaner copies of your products for our test labs. This includes new PCs, adapter cards, disk drives, software, etc. If you want to loan your latest products to ensure that your products are adequately covered, contact your Microsoft Account Manager or send email to IHV@microsoft.com. PC Manufacturers should ensure that the new Windows 95 Hardware and Integration Labs have final production copies of all of your machines to ensure broad test coverage, and enable our engineers to rapidly diagnose reproducible problems in our labs.
 * 10) Have Fun!

Before You Start
First, a word of caution. Although we have put much effort into the verification of this software, it is pre-release software that will be used by every application that you run. Microsoft strongly suggests that you back up any important existing data and programs before you install or run any of this software. Also, whether you intend to use FAT32 or not, be sure to make a new Startup disk when running Setup. Startup disks created with the released version of Windows 95 are not compatible with Memphis

Note on Backup: Memphis includes a new backup utility. If you currently have the Windows 95 Backup on your system this new backup will be able to restore from Win95 backups in the next beta, but right now, the format is not supported.

Sites using this software may encounter minor problems, and in rare cases, it is possible that some sites may encounter loss or destruction of data. Microsoft is not responsible for any problems resulting from the use of this beta software.

Read this Guide
Please read both of these documents before installing Memphis. These documents contain important beta and product information that you may need. The documents are organized as follows:

Installing the Software
This section under revision by Raja & StevenF, I hope.

What is Memphis?
Over the past year, Windows 95 has had two supplemental releases (OEM Service Releases) for PC Manufacturers to support new hardware and provide the latest Internet software. Memphis will be both a retail and PC Manufacturer (OEM) release that incorporates all of the OSR-1, OSR-2 and USB updates combined with new features and functionality, including the most next version of Internet Explorer.

The primary goal of this initial "December 96 Test Release" is to enable developers working on Memphis technologies and drivers to begin testing and to get good beta site feedback on application compatibility and general system stability. Key development technology areas include WDM, USB, DVD, Digital Audio, ACPI and other hardware development work.

Memphis is built on the same code base as Windows 95. Our goal is to provide the same level of compatibility as Windows 95, while improving hardware support, system stability and robustness, reducing support and administration costs, and updating Internet applications and other utilities. We have added a limited set of NT Kernel services for WDM, but the same real-mode MS-DOS components, Windows 95 Kernel, User, GDI and VMM are still available for existing application compatibility. Removing or rearchitecting these components would introduce significant compatibility and performance problems. By continuing to use these, while adding common services between NT and Windows 95, we are able to support the best of both worlds.

Memphis has a few API extensions over Windows 95 gold, but most of these are also available as add-on packages for Windows 95 (for example, DirectX, ActiveMovie, Internet Explorer APIs, etc.), or are only relevant to a very few vendors (FAT32 disk structure details). There are a few new Memphis APIs for new features such as Multiple display support, which will be documented in a future SDK.

The official name for Memphis has not yet been decided. Many people in the press have designated it "Windows 97". While that is among several possibilities, it is not the official product name at this time, and they are just guessing. For convenience, we use the code name Memphis in place of Window 95/Windows 97 terminology.

What's New in Memphis
The features highlighted below are features that are new or significantly improved in Memphis since OSR 2.1 (a.k.a. Detroit, a.k.a. the USB supplement). The next section contains the list of most of the key new and updated features since Windows 95, along with short descriptions and release notes. When a new Memphis component has superceded an OSR1 or OSR-2 component, only the details of the current features are discussed.
 * 1) New Setup - The first thing you will see is that setup has been redesigned and streamlined to improve the experience for existing Windows 95 users upgrading to Memphis. We no longer need to do a full hardware detection during the initial setup. Memphis setup also uses the information on applets and utilities that you have installed already, and updates just those. (The next beta will offer new "optional components" at the conclusion of the core upgrade.)
 * 2) Multiple Display Support - Possibly one of the neatest new features, if you have a PCI machine and can get two PCI display adapters and monitors, you are in for a treat. Reading email and clicking on an HTTP link, and having the browser pop up on the adjacent monitor, or the potential ability for a game to have left, right and center displays, or a separate instrumentation console are hot. Not to mention the old standby dual-monitor uses - desktop publishing and presentations/notes, or just to get a big, giant desktop.
 * 3) Win32 Driver Model (WDM) - The all-new, unified driver model for Windows 95 and Windows NT. Don't worry, all your existing "legacy" drivers will continue to work just fine. WDM enables new classes of devices and busses to have a single driver for both operating systems. Examples are USB, HID, IEEE 1394, Digital Audio, DVD players, still image and video capture. See below for more information on these device classes in Memphis.
 * 4) ACPI Power Management - ACPI is a new power control specification that supports new hardware interfaces in future PCs. Many OEMs are hard at work developing their ACPI machines.  This Memphis test release provides the first operating system support for them to continue their development. We expect that the industry will be able deliver ACPI-enabled PCs when Memphis ships.
 * 5) FAT32 in-place converter - This is the feature that many of you tested as part of OSR-2, now preparing to be available to end-users for upgrading their machines.
 * 6) Web-based support tools - A new internet driver and component update utility will help reduce cost of ownership by providing a simple, controllable update engine.  A new web-based bug reporting tool will be used both for beta bugs and, when we've shipped, for reporting problems to product support groups along with appropriate configuration information.
 * 7) Scripting - Memphis includes Windows Scripting Host, a shell that lets you take advantage of ActiveX scripting (VBS and JS) directly from the shell or the command line, without embedding in HTML. Windows finally has built-in scripting!
 * 8) Dr. Watson 32 - New and improved, when your application generates a GPF, with the great detective's assistant watching over you, the "details" button now provides a whole host of advanced technical information. This should help technical support desks get their users up and running faster, and help application developers find and fix bugs easier.
 * 9) Plus! Tab - We've built-in the Full Window Drag, Font Smoothing, and other UI enhancements formerly available as part of the Plus! Package, and added the "Plus!" tab to the standard display control panel. This brings Memphis up to parity with NT 4.0.
 * 10) OLE DCOM- Distributed component object model extensions for existing OLE interfaces.
 * 11) Backup - All-new Backup applet, supports SCSI Tape and a host of other new backup devices. It doesn't yet read the old Win95 backup format, but we won't ship until it does.
 * 12) Display, Disk, Modem and Monitor drivers - The first batch of a broad driver update shows up mostly in these four areas - Display drivers fresh from the DirectX 5 development labs (with multiple monitor support enabled), a new, faster floppy disk driver, approximately 300 new modem drivers and about 175 new monitors listed. Next time we'll have a bunch of printer and network cards, along with a few other device classes, and of course, more modems and monitors.
 * 13) Beta Preview - Coming soon to a computer near you. There are a few features that were not quite ready for this test release, but we are planning to put them in the next beta. We wanted to give you some idea of what is coming. Please remember, however, that as market conditions, development schedules and hardware technology develops, we may have to change some of these features. This is not a commitment to deliver any of these features, just an indication of current plans. We have also noted in many cases in the individual feature application notes what's coming soon.
 * 14) Internet Explorer 4 - Most notably absent from this release is the new Internet Explorer 4, with integrated shell browsing and Active Desktop. Various versions of this product have already been in private test releases, demonstrated at developer shows, and reviewed in some publications. IE 4 is currently undergoing some infrastructure changes and adding support for a whole new HTML rendering subsystem. The current versions are not yet ready for beta testing, so we decided to hold off on this and ship a good test platform for the other advancements we've made, to help developers and get some early core beta feedback. Because IE 4 is such a key part of Memphis, we didn't feel that we could call this Beta 1 without it, so we're calling it the December 96 Release.
 * 15) Shell and Desktop Improvements - In addition to the IE 4 web shell and active desktop that you may have seen or read about, we have some more UI and shell improvements that we think you will like.  We are hoping to make the login, shutdown and control panel more organized, and simplify many of the things you need to do. We're also fixing a few "nits" that have shown up after a couple of years using the shell. Boot - Boot time enhancements and security, including   validation.
 * 16) Multimedia - Activemovie 2.0 and DirectX 5 - These multimedia enhancements will be available in future betas.
 * 17) Networking - ATM networking support, TCP/IP improvements, Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol, IP conferencing, TCP/IP IGMP v2, quality of service, etc.
 * 18) Drivers - Drivers, Drivers & More Drivers. Specifically, several hundred new printer minidrivers, a bunch of new modem drivers, Still image and video capture drivers, and others. Hardware vendors, if you haven't been in touch with WHQL or another program management contact and you are interested in adding support for your new devices in Memphis, please contact WHQL and they will help you out. You can find more information on: http://www.microsoft.com/hwdev for design information about WDM, busses and classes in Memphis, and http://www.microsoft.com/hwtest for WHQL contacts and logo information.

Application Notes
Hardware Support For more detailed technical information on WDM, ACPI, USB, DVD, and the other new technologies, please refer to the hardware development web site: http://www.microsoft.com/hwdev

FAT32
Originally available in OSR-2 FAT32 is an improved version of the File Allocation Table file system that allows disks over 2GB to be formatted as a single drive, and which uses smaller clusters than on FAT16 drives, resulting in somewhat more efficient use of space on large disks (over 1 GB). FAT32 originally appeared in OSR-2.

FAT32 drives have a different on-disk format than FAT12 or FAT16 drives. To date, most disk utilities have already been revised to work on FAT32 volumes, including all the major vendors. You may need to update your disk utilities if you have an older version. The disk utilities included with Windows have already been revised to include FAT32 support, in particular: FDISK, Format, ScanDisk, Defrag and DriveSpace. In addition, support for FAT32 affects many of the internal data structures that the real-mode DOS kernel and the protect mode file system components use. As a result, some device drivers and disk utilities may encounter compatibility problems with Memphis, whether or not FAT32 drives are used. If you encounter such compatibility problems, please submit bug reports on them immediately even if the problem affects a driver or utility that you or another vendor will be revising. In order to support FAT32, many new low-level disk APIs are provided with Memphis and some old ones will fail or behave differently on FAT32 drives. The new and changed APIs are summarized in the October '96 Win32 SDK, available via a subscription to MSDN.

Note that most applications are unable to display free or total disk space over 2GB. Memphis includes new DOS and Win32 APIs (GetDiskFreeSpaceEx) that applications can use to obtain the correct amounts of space. The Windows Explorer and the MS-DOS command prompt have been modified to use these new APIs so they should display the correct amount of free space. File Manager will not display more than 2GB of free space.

How to enable FAT32
Brianem, we need to update this! There are 3 ways to enable FAT32: Converting a drive in place is a safe, fast operation (it typically only takes a few minutes, except for the defrag operation which may take several hours). However, there is no utility for converting a drive back to FAT16 once you've converted it to FAT32.
 * 1) Setup Memphis on an empty, unpartitioned disk, using a boot floppy and running OEMSETUP.EXE (not Setup.exe). See the Installing the Software section of this document for instructions on how to do this.
 * 2) Run FDISK on a drive over 512MB. It will prompt you whether to enable "large disk support" If you answer Yes, any partitions you create that are over 512MB in size will be marked as FAT32 partitions and will be formatted as such. (Note that there is no benefit to installing FAT32 on a disk smaller than 512 MB.)
 * 3) Convert an existing FAT16 drive in-place. In the \BetaOnly folder on the beta CD, there is a batch file called FAT32.BAT. Run this batch file from within Windows, and it will:
 * 4) * Copy a conversion utility into your C:\ directory
 * 5) * Prompt you for a drive to convert
 * 6) * Restart your system into MS-DOS mode
 * 7) * Check that drive for errors using ScanDisk
 * 8) * Convert the drive to FAT32
 * 9) * Defragment the drive upon rebooting into Windows. Note that converting a drive in place will cause it to become extremely fragmented, so defragmenting it the first time may take several hours. You can stop the defragmenter before it finishes, but you should allow it to run to completion at your earliest convenience as performance may be poor until you completely defragment it.

IMPORTANT notes about testing FAT32:

 * Make a Windows Startup disk using Memphis before enabling FAT32!
 * Backup any data on your drive before converting it in place using the FAT32.BAT utility. If you like, you can use the RAWREAD utility in the BetaOnly directory on your beta CD to copy an exact image of your drive into a single large image file on another drive. If necessary, the RAWWRITE utility can be used to restore the contents of your drive from the image file that the RAWREAD utility creates.
 * Do not use FAT32 on any drives that you need to access from other operating systems, including the released version of Windows 95, all versions of Windows NT, and earlier versions of Windows or MS-DOS. Note that if you need to dual boot another OS, you cannot convert drive C: to FAT32, even if the other OS is installed on a different drive. However, systems running Memphis can share FAT32 drives across a network, and they will be accessible by MS-DOS, Windows 3.x, "gold" Windows 95 and Windows NT clients, just like any other FAT drive. Also note that MS-DOS 7.1 (the version included with Memphis) fully supports FAT32, so you can run most MS-DOS mode games and applications from FAT32 drives.

Will FAT32 be faster than FAT16?
In general, no. FAT32 performance will usually be about the same as FAT16, but in some cases, it may be a bit slower. The major benefits of FAT32 are that it's more efficient than FAT16 on larger disks (sometimes by as much as 20-30%), and that it can support drives larger than 2 GB without having to use multiple partitions. Note that in real-mode MS-DOS or when running Windows 95 in Safe Mode, FAT32 will be considerably slower than FAT16. If you need to run applications in MS-DOS mode, loading SmartDrv.EXE in Autoexec.bat may be beneficial.

What should I test?
The best way to help us test FAT32 is to enable it using one of the methods described above and then (re)install all of your applications onto your FAT32 drive and verify that they setup and run properly. We'd also like you to focus on verifying that your Backup, Anti-Virus and MS-DOS mode games and applications continue to function as they did under "gold" Windows 95.

Can I dual boot Windows NT if I use FAT32?
In general, no. Windows NT (including version 4.0) cannot access or boot from a FAT32 drive, so if you need to dual boot Windows NT, you should not use FAT32 except on a non-boot drive that you don't need to access from NT.

Will Windows NT ever support FAT32?
We are unable to comment at this time about the features of future versions of Windows NT. We recognize that this will prevent some of you from testing FAT32, and we're sorry that we can't provide FAT32 support in Windows NT at this time. Please understand that the issue is not whether we think customers want FAT32 support under Windows NT, but is strictly a matter of development and test resources and our existing release commitments. We're actively working on plans for converging file system support between Windows 95 and Windows NT (including ensuring that Win9x customers with FAT32 drives will have an upgrade path to Windows NT), but we can't make any specific commitments at this time.

Why didn't Microsoft just add NTFS to Windows 95, rather than introduce another file system?
We certainly considered NTFS, but it didn't meet three requirements that we felt were critical for Windows 95: Windows 95 boots using real-mode MS-DOS and supports MS-DOS mode for games and other applications that cannot run under a multitasking OS. Supporting NTFS under DOS would have taken a significant amount of very limited DOS memory and thus would have impaired Windows' ability to continue to support these applications. Implementing NTFS without DOS support would have meant that two disk partitions would have been required: a FAT partition to boot from, plus the main NTFS partition. We felt that for Win9x customers, a solution that allowed a single drive letter was critical. Secondly, based on feedback from PC and disk drive manufacturers, it's clear that a significant percentage of new PCs are currently shipping with > 2 GB drives. Given the sophistication and complexity of NTFS, we felt that it would have been impossible to complete and test an NTFS implementation until well after this problem had become acute. Finally, because NTFS has such a different on-disk format than FAT, we felt that FAT32 was much less likely to introduce application compatibility problems.

Is the FAT16->FAT32 converter part of Memphis?
Yes. The conversion tool will be a part of the final release version of Memphis.

How can I tell if my drive is FAT32?
In My Computer, right click on the drive and select properties. The "Type" field should indicate whether a drive is FAT or FAT32.

What cluster size is used on FAT32 drives?
As with all FAT drives, the cluster size used on FAT32 drives depends on the size of the drive. The defaults are: Drive size	Cluster size < 260MB	512 bytes 260MB - 8GB	4k 8GB - 16GB	8k 16GB - 32GB	16k > 32GB	32k

These are the defaults you will get if you FDISK and format a drive using FAT32 or if you convert an existing FAT drive in place using CVT.EXE. NOTE: FDISK will only offer to enable FAT32 support on drives over 512MB.

Can I use disk compression on FAT32 drives?
No. The DriveSpace included with Memphis has been modified to recognize FAT32 drives, but it will not compress them. We do not plan to make further modifications to the core DriveSpace at this time. Can I use FAT32 on drives that are NOT visible in real-mode MS-DOS? Yes, but you need to use a slightly different procedure to convert them in place. Follow the steps listed above for converting a drive (i.e. run FAT32.BAT from the \BetaOnly directory on the beta CD), but when it prompts you for a drive to convert, hit Ctrl-C to exit out of the batch file. Then run the FAT32cvt.BAT file in the root directory of your C: drive. Use the following command: C:\FAT32cvt.BAT x: /W, where x: is the drive you wish to convert.

Dual Boot and FAT32
You cannot use FAT32 on a machine that you need to dual-boot to another operating system, including the original release of Windows 95, Windows NT and Windows 3.1 or MS-DOS 6.x. Other operating systems are unable to access a FAT32 partition. This is simply because these older operating systems do not understand the new data structures. You CAN dual boot to another Operating System if drive C: is FAT16, but if you have other partitions that are FAT32, they will not be visible to other operating systems.Memphis also supports dual-booting between Memphis and older MS-DOS operating systems (e.g. MS-DOS 6.22) using the same "F4" dual-boot that Windows 95 supports. You can not at this time, however, multi-boot between Windows 95 and Memphis as Memphis replaces Windows 95.

FAT32 and Disk Free Space
Some applications will be unable to display free or total disk space over 2GB, even on larger FAT32 drives. These applications will show the correct free space up to 2GB, but at that point they will max out and only show 2GB. This is typically due to limitations in those applications that assumed that free space could never exceed 2GB because of the previous FAT16 limitations. Memphis provides new DOS and Win32 APIs that applications can utilize to determine free or total disk space over 2GB.

FAT32 Converter
You can convert a hard drive from FAT16 to FAT32 by running the FAT32 Converter in the Programs> Accessories> System Utilities menu. After running the FAT32 converter, Defrag will run on that drive during your next boot. Defragmenting your drive may take several hours after it has been converted. You CAN stop the defragmenter and run it at another time, but your system performance may be degraded until you allow the defragmenter to complete on this drive. For drives that are ONLY supported under Windows (drives that arenot supported by your BIOS nor a DOS device driver), you canconvert them under Windows if you run CVT.EXE with the /w commandline switch, e.g.:

InterLnk from MS-DOS 6
The InterLnk networking product contained in MS-DOS 6.x will not function properly in MS-DOS mode if you are using FAT32.

Ontrack Systems Disk Manager
If you use Ontrack Systems' Disk Manager product on a system that is booting from a FAT32 drive, it may result in a long pause at boot time and/or that the drive will be set to run in compatibility mode. With version 7.0x, you can Use the /L=0 option with Disk Manager to avoid this pause. If you are running an earlier version of Disk Manager, you should update to version 7.04 and use the /L=0 switch if you use FAT32.

Syquest SQATDRV.SYS and SQDRIVER.SYS Drivers
The SQATDRV.SYS driver may cause systems containing FAT32 drives to hang during boot. Remove this driver from the CONFIG.SYS file if you are using FAT32 drives on a system with this device driver. Versions of these drivers that are compatible with FAT32 boot drives will be added to the Windows Driver Library (on the Windows CD and downloadable from the Internet) shortly.

Multiple Display Support
New for Memphis Multiple Display Support allows you to use multiple monitors and/or multiple graphics adapters on a single PC. The UI has been modified to recognize a desktop that spans multiple monitors, with no restrictions on size or position. For monitors attached to the same system but showing different images simultaneously, the different displays might have differing X,Y resolution and refresh rates plus differing display capabilities.

To support this capability, APIs have been added to the Win32 API set to allow any application to take advantage of multiple monitors. Applications do not need to be modified to work on a PC with multiple monitors, but some applications developers may want to take special advantage of this feature by calling the new APIs.

Enabling Multiple Display Support:
Enabling this feature is fairly straightforward. The primary requirement is that both of the display adapters must be PCI devices. The setup instructions vary according to the following two scenarios: Your computer has PCI display on the motherboard and you have a second PCI display adapter to plug in. If your computer has a built in PCI display chipset on the motherboard, follow these steps exactly when setting up Memphis:
 * 1) First, run Memphis setup program with only the motherboard video in the computer.
 * 2) After setup has completed successfully, shut down and add additional display adapters.
 * 3) Boot the computer, and restart when prompted.
 * 4) In control panel, display, you should notice a "Monitors" tab replacing the "Settings" tab. If you do not see this tab, see the section "Troubleshooting multiple display support".
 * 5) Select the secondary display/monitor combination, and check the box entitled "Use this device as part of the desktop.

Notice you can independently set the resolution and color depth for each display by selecting the settings button when the desired monitor/adapter pair is selected. Other notes with regard to systems with built in motherboard display adapters are:
 * The built in display will usually become your secondary display (or tertiary, etc, depending on the number of graphics boards you have in the system). The system will disable the onboard video at boot time, and the add-in card will become your primary display. This is a function of the BIOS and is not under our control.
 * It is important you setup Memphis for the first time with only your onboard video in the system. If another adapter is present before you start Memphis for the first time, it is likely we will not be able to initialize your onboard video properly until you run setup without the additional graphics boards installed.
 * If you follow the instructions, and your onboard video does not function correctly as the secondary display, it probably never will. It's likely we are unable to find and read the complete ROM of the adapter in order to initialize it properly. You will have to use two add-in adapters for multiple monitor support.

You have two separate plug-in PCI display adapters. If your computer's display adapter is an add-in card (i.e., none of the display adapters in the system are on the motherboard or built-in), you have the option of installing the additional graphics cards before setting up Memphis. The instructions in the section "Your computer has motherboard video" will also work.

General notes about Multiple Display Support
Virtually any graphics adapter can function as a primary display. Any PCI graphics adapter with a Windows 95 or later driver (with the noted exception of motherboard, or onboard video) can be a primary display. In order to function as a secondary display however, the display adapter must be a PCI device supported by Memphis as an additional display adapter. The following display adapter chipsets are supported as additional displays in this release:


 * ATI Mach64
 * S3 764(Trio), 764V+(765)
 * Cirrus 5436,7548,5446
 * Imagine 128 I and II
 * S3 ViRGE
 * ET6000

Troubleshooting Multiple Display Support:
Under some circumstances you may find that you either cannot see the new "Monitors" tab in control panel, display, or you otherwise cannot use the additional display(s) as part of your desktop. Here are a few known scenarios to be aware of: Motherboard, or onboard video Certain problems can occur using onboard PCI video with additional displays:
 * Problem #1: PCI motherboard video is hidden from enumerator. Some systems vendors hide the motherboard video from PCI when another video card is detected in the system. If plug and play can't find the device, we of course cannot start it. If you have this particular problem, there is nothing you can do. If you look in control panel, system, device manager, and only your add-in card is present and working, this could likely be your problem.
 * Problem #2: Cannot read the ROM from a motherboard video device. We may be able to overcome this problem for now, provided you setup Memphis without any other display adapters in the system. See the section "Your computer has motherboard video".

The primary display is using the VGA driver, or a Windows 3.x driver Again, virtually any PCI graphics adapter can be used as the primary display. However, if the driver used for the device is an old Windows 3.x driver, or the standard VGA driver, any secondary displays will not start. The standard VGA driver is used whenever the desktop resolution is 640x480 and the color depth is 16 colors.

Unsupported secondary display
Secondary displays must be PCI devices the meet certain criterion. Not the least of which is the capability of running in "GUI" mode, or running without using VGA resources. They must also have a Memphis driver that enables them to be the secondary display. If any of these conditions is not met for any additional graphics adapters in the system, they will not work as secondary displays. See the list of supported chipsets in the section "General notes about Multiple Display Support".

Win32 Driver Model (WDM)
New for Memphis The all-new, unified driver model for Windows 95 and Windows NT. WDM enables new classes of devices and busses to have a single driver for both operating systems, by adding selected NT Kernel services in a special NTKern.VXD, while maintaining full legacy device driver support for existing device drivers in existing code.

USB Support
Originally distributed to PC Manufacturers as a supplement for OSR-2 machines. Includes support for USB hubs, Universal and Open host controller interfaces, and HID compliant USB devices (see Human Input Devices (HID)). Stream class support in Memphis provides infrastructure for USB audio and camera devices.

Human Input Devices (HID)
New for Memphis HID equivalents to legacy input devices (i.e. keyboards, keypads, mice, pointing devices, joysticks and game pads) that are compliant with the Human Interface Device firmware specification are supported by Memphis when connected via the Universal Serial Bus (USB). Input from these HID devices is routed to applications through the legacy input driver architecture in a totally transparent way. Multiple keyboards can be connected and used simultaneously, but the multiple input streams are merged and passed to the single active application window in focus. Similarly, multiple mice and pointing devices can be connected and used simultaneously, but the input streams are merged to control the movement of the single pointer on the screen. Joysticks and gamepads, however, are treated as distinct devices just as can be expected so that applications can distinguish which input comes from which device, etc.

Memphis Beta 1 will support input devices that are compliant with Version 1.0 Draft #3 of the HID firmware specification. Future Beta releases will support later drafts of this spec.

HID functionality that go beyond what the legacy input devices listed above are capable of is not automatically supported by Memphis, but require additional vendor and/or application specific software (e.g. drivers, special applications, etc.) that know how to interpret and use this data to be installed on the system. Device vendors and developers should consult the Memphis DDK for details.

IEEE 1394
New for Memphis Support for the IEEE 1394 bus includes the 1394-bus class driver, and mini-driver for the Texas Instruments PCI-LYNX 200Mbps host controller. Support for the 1394 Sony desktop camera (CCM-DS250) is also provided using the Memphis Stream class.

WDM Digital Audio
Billyb, What do we have here?

DVD Storage and UDF File System
New for Memphis DVD-ROM drives as a storage media are being supported for the first time in Memphis. In order to be able to use a DVD-ROM drive, you must have a drive that is compliant to the Mt. Fuji specification (also called SFF8090). The CD-ROM class driver that existed in Windows95 has been updated to support DVD-ROM drives as well.

We also have a new filesystem, called UDF (Universal Disk Filesystem). It is currently a read-only filesystem, you can not write UDF to a disc. This is implemented because DVD movies will always have an UDF filesystem on them, while they may or may not have an ISO9660 filesystem on them. You can tell if you have UDF support installed on your system if you have the binary udf.vxd somewhere on your system. All DVD-ROM drives are required to support DMA. You will have to enable this on your own for now; please go to Device Manager, select properties of the drive, check the DMA box presented, and reboot to run on DMA.

DVD Movie Playback
DVD movie playback requires the following components: Hardware:
 * DVD-ROM drive
 * DVD movie media
 * DVD (MPEG/AC-3) decoder

Software:
 * DVD storage support
 * WDM Stream class driver
 * Stream minidriver specific to your decoder hardware (not written by Microsoft)
 * ActiveMovie filtergraph specific to your decoder
 * DVD Movie playback application

The above list will allow DVD movie playback on a NTSC or PAL display, if the decoder card has such an output. If output on a VGA is desired, then there should be a physical connection between the decoder card and the graphics adapter, and a DirectDraw HAL with VPE support should be written for the graphics adapter. There is the possibility for the decoders to be in software rather than hardware on faster processors.

On the WDM DDK Preview, there is a test app for DVD movie playback in the  directory. This can be used to try movie playback on your PC.

If you are interested in help on your stream class minidriver, please talk to your Microsoft contact about visiting the WDM porting lab to further your efforts.

Microsoft is not yet providing DVD movie content.

WDM Still Image Capture
This device class includes scanners and digital still cameras. It's not yet fully implemented in Memphis December 96 release, but is planned for the first beta.

WDM Video Capture
This device class includes video cameras on USB or 1394, analog video digitization hardware, and TV tuners. It's not yet fully implemented in Memphis December 96 release, but is planned for the first beta. PCMCIA

Originally in OSR-2 PCCard16 now supports 3.3volt & multi-function (i.e. net/modem) cards. PCCard32 (CardBus) now supported.

Power management for PCCard Modems is now supported. These devices are put in a low power state when software is not actively using the modem. See the power management section for more info.

ACPI
New for Memphis Memphis contains basic ACPI support, to enable PC Manufacturers to begin testing their prototype ACPI systems.

APM 1.2 Extensions
Originally in OSR-2
 * New APM 1.2 services
 * New Power Management control panel UI (including ide drive spindown UI)
 * New battery meter

Disk Spindown
Originally in OSR-2 Reduces power consumption, drive wear and low noise. This may cause a slight delay in system response when the disk needs to spin back up. You can control the power down delay as well as disable disk spindown in the Power Management control panel. Typical settings for desktop machines are 30 to 60 minutes.

Release Note: Some older systems may hang when the disk is spun down or back up. You should disable disk spindown on these systems.

PCMCIA Modem Power Down & Resume on Ring
Originally in OSR-2 Power management for PCCard Modems is now supported. These devices are put in a low power state when software is not actively using the modem. Look in the Power management control panel to control this feature.

Modem Power-Up Delay
If you get a message Modem Not Found or Not Ready, you may need to increase the modem power up delay. The default delay is 2 seconds. Some PC Card modems require an extra delay when PC Card Power Management is enabled, before they are ready. If you encounter this with your PC Card modem, the symptoms are that it may not work when you try to use it, and then works if you try again right away. To increase the delay, you can either Disable PC Card Power Management in the Power management control panel, or you can add a registry key using Regedit: This value is in milliseconds. Set the value equal to "3000" for a 3 second delay. Experiment to get enough delay. Please submit a bug with the delay necessary for your modem, and your computer manufacturer and model information, and we will add this to our list.
 * 1) Navigate to the key:
 * 2) Go to the key for the modem that you are trying to use, and add a key in the root of the modem key.
 * 3) Edit / New, create a DWord named

Display
These are DirectX 3 and/or DirectX 5 drivers, with multiple display support enabled.

New for Memphis: ET6000, MM3dfx (VooDoo), Imagine 128 II Updated for Memphis: ati3d, chips, cirrus, cirruslg, cirrusmm, i128, mach64, mgamm, rendition, s3mm, s3v

Note: The ATI Rage II chip will be supported in future Memphis drivers. In the meantime, ATI has provided, as a courtesy to our beta testers, a version of their driver which appears to work on Memphis. It's located in the  directory.

Audio
Updated Windows Sound System driver from DirectX 3.

Modems
Approximately 300 new modems are supported, to bring Memphis up to compatibility with Windows NT 4.0. We're now starting to add the current crop of new Modem drivers, which will be available in the next beta.

Printers
Look for new updated driver support in the next Beta. This release includes the drivers that shipped with Windows 95 OSR-2.

Floppy Disk Driver
New for Memphis Memphis includes an all-new, from scratch "HSFLOP.PDR" floppy disk driver. This new driver offers significantly enhanced performance on many machines. It should also work on some portable machines that required custom  files in the past. This new driver should work on 100% of all known hardware. If you encounter problems with this new code, please report ASAP.

Relnote: The current version will hit the floppy disk on boot; this diagnostic test will be removed for the next beta.

LS 120 Support
Originally in OSR-2 The real mode MS-DOS kernel, protect mode file system components, and the various formatting utilities have been updated to support the LS-120 (120MB) floppies built in to some newer PCs.

IDE Disk Driver
Originally in OSR-1 This is an updated IDE hard disk driver which includes support for:
 * Bus Mastering chipsets such as Intel Triton and Opti Viper M
 * SMART (Self-Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology), a hard-drive fault prediction system developed by Compaq and several hard drive vendors
 * IDE Tape backup units.
 * ATAPI-CD-Changers (with up to 7 CD slots), including the Sanyo/Torisan 3CD changer.

Bus Mastering
CAUTION: Some hard drives which were originally designed to support this DMA functionality were found during joint Intel and Microsoft testing to contain firmware bugs which can cause data corruption. Only OEMs should enable the DMA feature when they ship compatible hard disk drives. End Users should not enable the DMA feature on their PCs if it was not enabled originally by their PC Manufacturer.

Notes:
 * Bus Mastering should only be enabled for specific hard drive models that are certified by their manufacturer to work properly with a Windows bus master driver.
 * The drives in question must indicate that they support DMA in the drive ID data (both ATA and ATAPI drives).

Go to the System Control Panel, Device Manager, select the individual Disk Drive (not drive controller), and select Properties. If a checkbox for DMA shows up under the Int13, then you can try the Bus Master DMA transfers. If no checkbox appears, then your motherboard chipset does not support a compatible bus master interface. If the checkbox is not checked after your system reboots, then your hard drive probably does not support bus mastering, and it has been automatically disabled again.

CD-ROM-Changers
CD ROM Changer support is now available for ATAPI-CD-Changer compliant CD ROM drives with up to 6 CD slots. CD ROM devices with more than 6 slots are generally considered "CD Jukeboxes" and are not supported with these drivers. This driver set also includes support for the Sanyo/Torisan 3CD changer.

Note:
 * There is one known issue, regarding the new CD+ format. CD+ at present only works properly on the first assigned drive letter. CD+ audio will not be recognized on CD+ discs in slots not assigned to the first drive letter (eg, on a system that has letters assigned to D:, E:, F:, and G:, CD+ audio will only play on drive D:. This does not affect standard Audio CDs.

CD Disk Driver
CDFS.VXD and CDVSD.VXD have been updated as follows: · ISO-9660 format CDs greater than 4GB in size are now supported · CDFS Read ahead behavior is now more intelligent, to better support slower hardware and applications that access the CD randomly · CDI disks are now supported (with appropriate application software)

Monitors
We've added approximately 175 new monitors to the built-in list.

Human Input (Keyboard, Joystick, Mice, Gamepad)
Look for new drivers built-in for these devices in the next beta release.

Still Image Capture
Look for new drivers built-in for these devices in the next beta release.

Video Capture
Look for new drivers built-in for these devices in the next beta release.

IrDA Device Drivers and Utilities
Originally in OSR-1 Support for Fast Infrared (FIR) and Serial Infrared (SIR) devices, easy file transferring over Infrared and LAN connectivity. This beta release includes infrared support up to 4Mbps. It includes the Microsoft Infrared Transfer applet that makes file transferring over infrared as simple as click and send. To enable infrared support, perform the following setup steps:
 * 1) Go to Control Panel
 * 2) Start Add New Hardware
 * 3) Select "No" when the Add New Hardware wizard prompts whether you want the system to automatically detect any new hardware, and click on Next.
 * 4) Select "Infrared" device and click on Next.
 * 5) When the wizard prompts you to choose a manufacturer's name for your IR device, choose "Microsoft (Standard Infrared Serial Port)" if you have a computer with a SIR infrared device, or choose the name of the manufacturer and the model of the computer if you have an FIR device.

For SIR device:
 * 1) If you have a SIR device, choose "Generic Infrared Port" for build-in infrared port; or choose the name of the manufacturer and the model of the adapter if you have an external Infrared adapter connected to your computer.
 * 2) When the wizard prompts you to choose the communications port that the IR device is physically connected to, click the port from the list. If you are not certain which physical communications port the IR device is using, make your best guess.
 * 3) When you are done with the wizard, click the Finish button to complete the IR device installation. The wizard should have briefly displayed New Hardware Found messages. If the wizard did not display these messages, then restart the computer.
 * 4) Activate the IR device by clicking the Start button, pointing to Settings, and then clicking Control Panel. Double-click the Infrared icon. If you chose the correct port in Step 4, the Infrared Monitor interface screen appears. If you did not choose the correct port, a message appears telling you that the port you have chosen is being used by another program. Click OK. Right click on the Network Neighborhood icon on desktop and choose Properties. Select "Standard Infrared Serial (COM) port" and click on Properties. Click on "Advanced" tab, and select "Serial Port" to change the COM port settings. Repeat this step until you have chosen the correct port.

For FIR device:
 * 1) If you have a FIR device, contact your hardware manufacture to get the driver for that model of the computer. Click on "Have Disk…" to install the FIR driver supplied by the manufacturer on a floppy disk.
 * 2) When you are done with the wizard, click the Finish button to complete the IR device installation. The wizard should have briefly displayed New Hardware Found messages. If the wizard did not display these messages, then restart the computer.
 * 3) Activate the IR device by clicking the Start button, pointing to Settings, and then clicking Control Panel. Double-click the Infrared icon.

Microsoft Infrared Transfer
To use the Microsoft Infrared Transfer, simply right clicking on the file you want to transfer and select "Send to->Infrared Recipient".

Under the Hood
There have been quite a few ongoing changes "under the hood" that you can't really see. I've listed a few here for lack of a better place.

Registry Improvements
New for Memphis We've rewritten the registry handling code to be faster and improve robustness. The in-memory data structures are more optimized. You won't see any changes in the registry structure as exposed through the APIs or Regedit. But how it's handled in code has been significantly improved.

Power Management
Power management improvements throughout the system in User, device drivers, network stacks, and many other places should improve the power performance, and enable the ACPI machines to work even better.

Internet Explorer
Memphis will include Internet Explorer 4. However, we have not yet integrated the new Internet components into the product. In the meantime, we are including the same Internet Explorer 3, which shipped in OSR-2. IE 3 advanced the state of the art for web browser technology with support for Frames, ActiveX components, Visual Basic Script, Java, JavaScript, Netscape Plug-ins, HTML 3.2, Cascading Style Sheets and many more features.

For more information about Internet Explorer 3 please visit the web site at: http://www.microsoft.com/ie

Note: Microsoft has released an updated IE 3.01. Due to the impending integration of IE 4, we have decided not to integrate IE 3.01. For your convenience, we have included IE 3.01 self-installing EXE in the  directory on the CD. We recommend that you install the IE 3.01 following a clean install, or if you have not already downloaded it from the web.

Internet Mail and News
This release of Memphis contains the current release of Internet Mail and Internet News. For more information about Internet Mail and Internet News, including FAQs, links to newsgroups, bug reporting, and other information, please visit our web site at: http://www.microsoft.com/ie/imn/default.htm

NetMeeting
This release of Memphis contains the final release of Microsoft NetMeeting v1.0 built-in. NetMeeting will work across either local area networks, direct dial-up links or the Internet. NetMeeting offers a unique combination of Internet Phone, Whiteboard, file sharing, and application sharing that allows you to hold interactive conferences with remote sites right on your desktop computer, with no special hardware. NetMeeting is built around open industry standard protocols, too. The  directory of this Memphis CD contains NetMeeting v2.0 Beta 2, which adds standards-based audio and video conferencing and other enhancements, such as user interface improvements. For more information about NetMeeting 1.0, including FAQs, links to newsgroups, bug reporting, and other information, please visit our web site at: http://www.microsoft.com/netmeeting/. For more information about NetMeeting 2.0 Beta 2, please visit our web site at: http://www.microsoft.com/netmeeting/learn/betahome.htm

For direct newsgroup access, you can find NetMeeting discussions on: 2.0 Beta 2) Please report NetMeeting bugs directly to the NetMeeting team using the web site: http://www.microsoft.com/ie/support/msnetmtg.htm
 * Server: msnews.microsoft.com
 * Newsgroup: microsoft.public.internet.netmeeting (for NetMeeting 1.0)
 * Newsgroup: microsoft.public.internet.netmeeting.beta (for NetMeeting

Note on Application Sharing: In this release of Memphis, the application sharing feature in NetMeeting 1.0 and NetMeeting 2.0 Beta 2 does not work.

Internet Connection Wizard
The Internet Connection Wizard (ICW) provides Windows users with all the functionality necessary to get their desktop connected to the Internet. With ICW installed, a user can easily configure their machine for Internet communication, sign up for an account with any participating Internet Service Provider of their choice, and setup any custom software required by that provider.

If you do not currently have an Internet account, the Automatic mode is a good way to choose an Internet Service Provider that offers a flat monthly rate, which you may find useful while participating in the Memphis beta program.

The ICW is automatically run when launching Internet Explorer or The Microsoft Network icons the first time a new PC is booted or the first time following an upgrade.

The Wizard consists of three options, "Automatic", "Manual" and "Current".
 * Automatic will configures your machine for dial-up access to the Internet and enables you to sign-up for Internet access via an ISP account using the Microsoft Referral Server program. If you sign up for an account using the ICW and Referral server, you will be liable for the charges imposed by the Service Provider.
 * Manual uses an updated version of the Plus! pack Internet Setup Wizard. This allows you to hand-configure your Internet settings for use with an existing ISP or local area network.
 * Current will reset the Internet Explorer icon on the desktop, and allow you to manually configure your Internet Control Panel settings.

Plus! Features
We've incorporated the basic display enhancements included on the "Plus!" tab in the display control panel such as Full Window Drag and Font Smoothing. We've continued to call the tab "Plus!" so that current users don't get confused and existing documentation doesn't change. This is identical to what Windows NT 4.0 does.
 * Full Window Drag
 * Font Smoothing
 * Wallpaper stretching
 * Large Icons
 * Hi-color icons
 * Desktop Icon Changer
 * Sliding Hiding Taskbar

Miscellaneous User/GDI enhancements
New for Memphis There are a bunch of miscellaneous enhancements that don't really fall well into any other category, but improve the overall product usability.
 * Accessibility - New Accessibility API support in GDI and User to enable support helper applications for disabled computer users. This includes support for screen readers, larger, high contrast font displays, and others. For more information about Microsoft Accessibility support, and for API information, please see: http://microsoft.com/windows/enable
 * Wheel Mouse Support - for the new Microsoft Intellimouse with the wheel on top, this builds in support for applications that can take advantage of it.
 * Just rotating the wheel causes text to scroll several lines (default 3) per wheel detent.
 * In Office97, rotating the wheel while holding down the Ctrl key will zoom in or out (cause the document to be displayed larger or smaller).
 * The wheel itself acts as a middle mouse button if pressed.
 * By pressing the wheel button in a wheel-aware app (Office97/IE3), you are then in "panning mode". This is indicated by the mouse cursor changing to a special panning cursor. While panning mode is active, just dragging the mouse forward or backward will cause the document to auto-scroll. The speed at which the document scrolls is determined by how far the mouse is dragged away from the position where panning mode was enabled. To exit panning mode, just press any mouse button.

Not all software that has a scroll bar will work with the wheel. In order for the wheel to work in an app, one of two things must be true:
 * The app must be rev'ed to handle the new WM_MOUSEWHEEL message. Office97/IE3 are two examples of this.
 * The app must use one of USER's built-in controls. The wheel will work with Notepad because Notepad uses USER's edit control.


 * Animation - including sliding menus and color highlights on menus and controls to track the mouse position.

Image Color Matching 2.0 API
New for Memphis Microsoft's first implementation of color management support was released in the Microsoft® Windows® 95 operating system as ICM 1.0. This version of ICM was designed to address the needs of applications that do not work in colors outside of RGB (such as CMYK) and that want color management to work fairly transparently for the end user. ICM 1.0 requires ICC profiles to be installed for all of the color devices on the user's system, and it requires the application that wants to accurately portray colors to the user to support the ICM 1.0 APIs. After meetings with multiple industry leaders in the color field, Microsoft has designed ICM 2.0. The new APIs are a complete superset of the ICM 1.0 APIs and add a new range of capabilities: operating systems
 * ICM 1.0 compatible
 * ICC compliant
 * Scalable: Simple APIs for applications such as Microsoft Office, complete control for applications such as Adobe® PhotoShop®
 * Same APIs for Windows 95 and Windows NT 4® operating systems
 * Support for Profile management at API and UI level
 * Bitmap v5 header support
 * Standard Color Space support: sRGB
 * Broader color space support: RGB, CMYK, LAB, and others
 * Broader support for bitmap formats
 * Improved palette handling
 * Device driver participation on the Windows 95 and Windows NT
 * Support for multiple Color Management Modules (CMM)
 * Faster default CMM that supports all ICC-compliant profiles
 * Easier installation of profiles

This new version of ICM will be integrated in Memphis and Windows NT 5.0. For more information on ICM 2.0, please see the document in the \betaonly\icm20 directory.

Display Control Panel Improvements
Originally in OSR-2, Multiple Display support New for Memphis. The Display Control Panel has been enhanced to support new display driver technology. It contains the following new features:
 * QuickRes, the quick resolution switching utility, has been incorporated into the standard control panel. There is a checkbox that will turn on the taskbar notification icon for quick resolution and color depth switching.
 * DynaColor, the ability to switch display color depths, is now included in the display control panel. (You still need a reboot if you change "font size".) Many applications and display drivers will work with this automatically, but some may need to be updated. Please send us a bug if you find an application that does not update properly. This feature is of great utility for game developers who wish to use a specific color depth.
 * Refresh Rate Support is now available from the Change Display Adapter button. This support was built into the Windows 95 registry, but only a few display adapter drivers support the refresh rate setting. Contact your Display Adapter Vendor to get a refresh-rate enabled display driver. Refresh rates are stored in a per-resolution setting.
 * Display Adapter Performance Slider is now accessible from the Display Control Panel, instead of having to go to the System Properties. This slider is used to diagnose and solve display driver incompatibilities.
 * Hardware Panning is now enabled on lower-resolution displays such as VGA-only monitors or laptop LCD panels where the chipset supports it. If your chipset supports this, and you have a monitor selected in the Monitor settings that does not support greater than 800x600 resolution, hardware panning will be enabled. Hardware panning is disabled on monitors capable of 1024x768 resolution as it is not normally needed. If hardware panning is enabled, and the display device is capable of 800x600, there are two graphics sliders - one for the screen resolution and one for the virtual desktop resolution. The screen slider is not shown for 640x480-only displays as it would be fixed at one setting only.
 * Multiple Display Support - if multiple displays are enabled, the Settings tab is replaced with a Monitors tab. This Monitors tab allows you to control relative screen placement by dragging, and to set individual adapter settings as described above by selecting the appropriate adapter.

Release Notes for Display CPL
On some chipsets (older S3 chipsets such as 801 and Cirrus Laguna), lower resolution modes may cause some older monitors to lose sync. This is because the lower resolution modes are driving the pixel clock too high. Try resetting your display settings to VGA settings (640 x 480 x 16 color), this may help.

Dial Up Networking and Dial Up Scripting
Originally in OSR-2 Dial Up Networking now includes built in Dial Up scripting. This is a property sheet for each individual connection icon. Connection Icons also include a separate tab for Server Type.

In the dial up networking folder, (the main folder, not the individual icons), the Connections…Settings now supports the following options:

When Establishing a Dial Up Connection

 * Show an icon on the taskbar after connected - controls whether the notification area icon displays or not.
 * Prompt for information before dialing - if unchecked, Dial Up Networking will not stop to request a password or dialing location. If you use your system from a fixed location, such as a home PC, this saves a dialing step.
 * Show Confirmation Dialog after connected - Shows connected data rate and other information.

Redial Options

 * Sets number of retries and wait time between retries if dial up connection did not succeed on first try. Setting the automatic reconnect with a short delay is useful for busy connections to large banks of modems where redialing immediately is the best way to get connected.

When establishing a network connection

 * Prompt to use Dial-Up Networking settings - if a given networking resource can not be located, the system will prompt if you want to dial in to your network.

TAPI 2.0
New for Memphis Jdecuir?

Unimodem/V
Unimodem was updated in OSR-1 to support VoiceView modems. Memphis will add support for:
 * Sierra modems (e.g. Prometheus, Motorola, VoiceSrfr, and some PC systems).
 * Spartacom modem pooling
 * Denmark support
 * Intel H.324 support
 * Lucent controller-less modems

ISDN 1.1
New for Memphis EdMitch?

NDIS 4.1
New for Memphis Memphis adds support for NDIS 4.1. The primary change between NDIS 4.0 and NDIS 4.1 is native support for ATM (asynchronous transfer mode) network cards. The standard NIC interfaces have not been modified.

We encourage network card vendors to thoroughly test their existing cards and drivers with the new NDIS 4.1 interface in a variety of networking scenarios, and report any problems to Microsoft using the Memphis bug reporting procedures.

ATM
New for Memphis Memphis and Windows NT are adding native support for ATM (asynchronous transfer mode) network cards. The NDIS 4.1 DDK Alpha release for development and test of NDIS 4.1 ATM miniport drivers is currently available. ATM network card vendors can request the NDIS 4.1 DDK Alpha release by sending mail to atmfb@microsoft.com.

For more information, please see http://www.microsoft.com/hwdev (for development issues) and http://www.microsoft.com/hwtest (for test issues).

Winsock 2.0
New for Memphis Winsock 2.0 drivers will be integrated into Memphis setup in the next release. For now, however, if you want to test Winsock 2.0 applications, you can install the Winsock 2.0 drivers manually. We have also included documentation on the new Winsock 2.0 APIs. For more information, and to install the drivers, please see the directory, for the full Winsock 2.0 SDK.

Remote Access Server
Memphis Dial Up Networking includes the file rnaserv.dll, previously included with Plus!, which enables remote network access using NETBEUI or IPX protocols. You can enable the remote dial-up access from the Dial Up Networking - Settings menu. Removing this DLL completely removes this capability from a PC if necessary.

Microsoft Service for NetWare Directory Service (MS-NDS)
Originally in OSR-1

Microsoft Service for NetWare Directory Services (NDS) provides all the functionality that Information Systems Professionals need to connect to NDS servers and run many important utilities. Service for NDS provides the following networking features to support computers running on NetWare 4.x networks: When the service is installed, it can be activated in the network control panel by selecting Add - Service and choosing the Microsoft Service for NetWare Directory Service. This is a supplement to the standard Windows 95 NetWare client software.
 * integrated log-in to NetWare 4.x servers
 * full support of NetWare 4.x login scripts
 * the ability to use Network Neighborhood to browse the directory tree
 * full support for 16-bit NDS-aware programs written for MS-DOS or Windows using documented calls from the NetWare Client SDK

Microsoft 32-bit DLC protocol stack
Originally in OSR-2 The Microsoft 32-bit DLC protocol stack upgrades the DLC protocol stack that shipped in the original Windows 95 disks with a protect mode implementation of the DLC protocol. This can be used to provide enhanced connectivity and performance on Windows 95 systems.

Backup
New for Memphis The new Memphis backup applet adds support for parallel, IDE/ATAPI, and SCSI devices. Devices supported include: QIC-80, QIC-80 Wide, QIC-3010, QIC-3010 Wide, QIC-3020, QIC-3020 Wide, TR1, TR2, TR3, TR4, DAT (DDS1&2), DC 6000, 8mm, and DLT. This includes drives branded by Conner, Exabyte, HP/Colorado, Iomega, Micro Solutions, Seagate, Tandberg, WangDAT, and Wangtek. In addition, the Memphis backup applet supports backup up to floppy based and network drives.

Known Problems:
The new Backup applet in this Memphis beta does not support backup files created by the current Windows95 backup applet. Future Memphis beta will be backwards compatible, meaning that the new backup applet will be able to restore files backed up by the old backup applet as included in Windows 95 release.

If you have already installed the Windows 95 backup application, the new Memphis backup will "take over" the backup shortcut. If you need to restore files using the older backup utility, you can directly run the executable file from:

We recommend, however, that as soon as Memphis is successfully installed, you back up your system using the new backup application.

Internet Update Manager
New for Memphis Brianem?

Web-based Bug Submission
New for Memphis Brianem?

Dr. Watson
Originally in OSR-2; Significantly Updated for Memphis. Brianem?

Calc
The Calculator application had minor bug-fixes and improvements for Windows NT 4.0. We have picked up that version for Memphis. Please test and let us know if there are any problems.

Windows Scripting
New for Memphis Windows gets Scripting built-in. With the Memphis and NT 5 releases, we will be supporting direct script execution from the shell or the command line. We include direct support for Visual Basic Scripting (VBScript) and JavaScript. The scripting host, however, is extensible to additional language by third parties.

Internet Explorer 3 installs an ActiveX control that interprets VBS and JavaScript. Memphis will include the "Windows Scripting Host" which is just a simple executable that provides a direct interface into the scripting ActiveX controls.

Windows Scripting Host: A Shell-based Host for Integrated Scripting in Windows
The Windows Scripting Host (WSH) is a language-independent scripting host for 32-bit Windows platforms. Microsoft provides both Visual Basic® Script and Java Script scripting engines with WSH. Microsoft anticipates that other software companies will provide ActiveX™ scripting engines for other languages such as Perl, TCL, REXX, and Python.

WSH can be run from either the Windows-based host (WSCRIPT.EXE), or the command shell-based host (CSCRIPT.EXE). When you double click on a.