Microsoft KB Archive/157285

= STL Sample for the Predicate Persion of upper_bound Function =

Article ID: 157285

Article Last Modified on 12/10/2003

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APPLIES TO

 The Standard C++ Library, when used with:  Microsoft Visual C++ 4.2 Professional Edition

 Microsoft Visual C++ 4.2 Enterprise Edition

 Microsoft Visual C++ 5.0 Learning Edition 

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This article was previously published under Q157285

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SUMMARY
The sample code below illustrates how to use the predicate version of upper_bound STL function in Visual C++.

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Prototype
template<class ForwardIterator, class T, class Compare> inline ForwardIterator upper_bound(ForwardIterator first,                                  ForwardIterator last,                                   const T& value,                                   Compare compare) NOTE: The class/parameter names in the prototype do not match the original version in the header file. They have been modified to improve readability.

Description
The upper_bound algorithm returns the last location in the sequence that value can be inserted such that the order of the sequence [first..last) is maintained.

upper_bound returns an iterator positioned at the location that value can be inserted in the range [first..last), or returns last if no such position exists.

This version assumes the range [first..last) is sorted sequentially using the compare function.

Sample Code
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // // Compile options needed: /GX // // upper_bound.cpp : Illustrates how to use the predicate version //                  of the upper_bound function. // // Functions: // //   upper_bound : Return the upper bound within a range. // // Written by Kalindi Sanghrajka // of Microsoft Product Support Services, // Software Core Developer Support. // Copyright (c) 1996 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// disable warning C4786: symbol greater than 255 character, // okay to ignore
 * 1) pragma warning(disable: 4786)

using namespace std;
 * 1) include
 * 2) include
 * 3) include
 * 4) include

void main {   const int VECTOR_SIZE = 8 ;

// Define a template class vector of int typedef vector<int, allocator > IntVector ;

//Define an iterator for template class vector of strings typedef IntVector::iterator IntVectorIt ;

IntVector Numbers(VECTOR_SIZE) ;

IntVectorIt start, end, it, location ;

// Initialize vector Numbers Numbers[0] = 4 ; Numbers[1] = 10; Numbers[2] = 70 ; Numbers[3] = 10 ; Numbers[4] = 30 ; Numbers[5] = 69 ; Numbers[6] = 96 ; Numbers[7] = 100;

start = Numbers.begin ;  // location of first // element of Numbers

end = Numbers.end ;      // one past the location // last element of Numbers

//sort Numbers using the function object less //upper_bound assumes that Numbers is sorted //using the "compare" (less in this case) //function sort(start, end, less ) ;

// print content of Numbers cout << "Numbers { " ; for(it = start; it != end; it++)

cout << *it << " " ; cout << " }\n" << endl ;

//return the highest location at which 10 can be inserted // in Numbers location = upper_bound(start, end, 10, less ) ;

cout << "Last location for element 10 in Numbers is: " << location - start << endl ; } Program Output is: <pre class="fixed_text">Numbers { 4 10 10 30 69 70 96 100 } Last location for element 10 in Numbers is: 3

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