Microsoft KB Archive/815804

= How to create a thread by using Visual C# =

Article ID: 815804

Article Last Modified on 8/20/2007

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APPLIES TO


 * Microsoft Visual C# .NET 2002 Standard Edition
 * Microsoft Visual C# .NET 2003 Standard Edition
 * Microsoft ADO.NET 1.0
 * Microsoft Common Language Runtime (included with the .NET Framework) 1.0
 * Microsoft Visual C# 2005 Express Edition

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For a Microsoft Visual Basic .NET version of this article, see 315577.

This article refers to the following Microsoft .NET Framework Class Library namespaces:
 * System.Threading

IN THIS TASK

 * SUMMARY
 * Requirements
 * Create a Visual C# application with threads
 * Verify that it works
 * Troubleshoot
 * REFERENCES



SUMMARY
You can write multithreaded applications in Microsoft Visual C# .NET or in Microsoft Visual C#. This article describes how a simple Visual C# application can create and manage threads.

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Requirements
The following list outlines the recommended hardware, software, network infrastructure, and service packs that you need:
 * Microsoft Windows 2000, Microsoft Windows XP, or Microsoft Windows Server 2003
 * Microsoft Visual C# .NET or Microsoft Visual C# 2005

This article assumes that you are familiar with the following topics:
 * Visual C# programming
 * Visual Studio .NET Integrated Development Environment (IDE) or Visual Studio 2005 IDE

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Create a Visual C# application with threads
 Start Microsoft Visual Studio .NET, Microsoft Visual Studio 2005, or Microsoft Visual C# 2005 Express Edition. Create a new Visual C# Windows Application project named ThreadWinApp. Add a Button control to the form. By default, the button is named Button1. Add a ProgressBar component to the form. By default, the progress bar is named ProgressBar1. Right-click the form, and then click View Code.  Add the following statement to the beginning of the file: using System.Threading;   Add the following Click event handler for Button1: private void button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e) { MessageBox.Show(&quot;This is the main thread&quot;); } </li>  Add the following variable to the Form1 class: private Thread trd; </li>  Add the following method to the Form1 class: private void ThreadTask {   int stp; int newval; Random rnd=new Random;

while(true) {       stp=this.progressBar1.Step*rnd.Next(-1,2); newval = this.progressBar1.Value + stp;

if (newval > this.progressBar1.Maximum) newval = this.progressBar1.Maximum; else if (newval < this.progressBar1.Minimum) newval = this.progressBar1.Minimum; this.progressBar1.Value = newval;

Thread.Sleep(100); } } Note This is the code that underlies the thread. This code is an infinite loop that randomly increments or decrements the value in ProgressBar1, and then waits 100 milliseconds before it continues. </li>  Add the following Load event handler for Form1. This code creates a new thread, makes the thread a background thread, and then starts the thread. private void Form1_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e) { Thread trd = new Thread(new ThreadStart(this.ThreadTask)); trd.IsBackground = true; trd.Start; } </li></ol>

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Verify that it works
<ol> Build and run the application. Notice that the value in ProgressBar1 changes randomly. This is the new thread in operation.</li>  To demonstrate that the main thread is independent of the thread that changes the value of ProgressBar1, click the button on the form. You receive a dialog box with the following error message: This is the main thread </li></ol>

Wait for input. Notice that the value in ProgressBar1 continues to change.

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Troubleshoot
In more complex applications, make sure that you synchronize multiple threads when you access shared variables. For more information, see the lock statement and related topics in the Visual C# .NET Online Help documentation.

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