Microsoft KB Archive/105522

= ACC: "Too few parameters. Expected 1" Error Message =

Article ID: 105522

Article Last Modified on 1/18/2007

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APPLIES TO


 * Microsoft Access 1.0 Standard Edition
 * Microsoft Access 1.1 Standard Edition
 * Microsoft Access 2.0 Standard Edition
 * Microsoft Access 95 Standard Edition
 * Microsoft Access 97 Standard Edition

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This article was previously published under Q105522



SYMPTOMS
Advanced: Requires expert coding, interoperability, and multiuser skills.

When you run a parameter query in Visual Basic (or Access Basic), you may receive one of the following error messages.

In Microsoft Access 7.0 and 97
Too few parameters. Expected 1

In Microsoft Access 1.x and 2.0

 * 1) parameters were expected, but only 0 were supplied.

This article assumes that you are familiar with Visual Basic for Applications and with creating Microsoft Access applications using the programming tools provided with Microsoft Access. For more information about Visual Basic for Applications, please refer to your version of the "Building Applications with Microsoft Access" manual.

NOTE: Visual Basic for Applications is called Access Basic in Microsoft Access versions 1.x and 2.0. For more information about Access Basic, please refer to the "Introduction to Programming" manual in Microsoft Access version 1.x or the "Building Applications" manual in Microsoft Access version 2.0.



CAUSE
You receive one of these error messages if you do not set the values of all the parameters in the parameter query in Visual Basic (or Access Basic).



STATUS
This behavior is by design.



MORE INFORMATION
This section contains an example of the syntax you use to set the values of a parameter, the sample code to create a query to set the values of a parameter, and the sample code to create a function to set the values of a parameter in parameter queries.

NOTE: You have to explicitly assign the parameter in DAO; you do not have to explicitly assign the parameter with the DoCmd.OpenQuery (or DoCmdOpenQuery in Microsoft Access 1.x and 2.0). The reason for this is that DAO uses low-level operations that give you more flexibility (that is, you can assign a variable to a parameter rather than a forms reference) but you have to do the housekeeping that Microsoft Access does behind the scenes with DoCmd actions. On the other hand, the DoCmd actions operate at a higher level than DAO. When executing a DoCmd action, Microsoft Access makes some assumptions about what to do with parameters--you don't have any flexibility in making them accept a different value.

Syntax to Set the Value of a Parameter
To set the value of a parameter that references a form, use the following syntax.

In Microsoft Access 7.0 and 97
  Dim MyDB As Database Dim MyQDef As QueryDef

  Set MyDB = CurrentDB Set MyQDef = MyDB.QueryDefs("Parameter Query") MyQDef![Forms!Form Name!ControlName] = Forms![Form Name]![ControlName]

In Microsoft Access 1.x and 2.0
NOTE: In the following sample code, an underscore (_) is used as a line-continuation character. Remove the underscore from the end of the line when re-creating this code.

  Dim MyDB As Database Dim MyQDef As QueryDef

  Set MyDB = CurrentDB Set MyQDef = MyDB.OpenQueryDef("Parameter Query") MyQDef![Forms!Form Name!ControlName] = Forms![Form _ Name]![ControlName]

In the examples, the definition variable, the exclamation point, and the parameter, which is enclosed in brackets, are to the left of the equal sign. Note that if the form name or control name in a form reference contains spaces, it is usually enclosed in brackets. Do not include the brackets if you are setting the value of the form reference parameter. However, do include the brackets if you are referencing the form listed to the right of the equal sign.

Code to Create a Query to Set the Value of a Parameter
To create a query that prompts you to enter the date when you run the query, create a module and enter the following code:

In Microsoft Access 7.0 and 97
  Dim MyDB As Database, MyQDef As QueryDef

Set MyDB = CurrentDb Set MyQDef = MyDB.QueryDefs("Parameter Query") MyQDef![Please enter date:] = #8/8/94#

In Microsoft Access 1.x and 2.0
  Dim MyDB As Database Dim MyQDef As QueryDef

Set MyDB = CurrentDB Set MyQDef = MyDB.OpenQueryDef("Parameter Query") MyQDef![Please enter date:] = "#12/12/93#"

NOTE: If you have more than one parameter in the query, add a line similar to the last line in the code for each parameter.

Sample Function to Set the Value of a Parameter
The following example uses the Orders table from the sample database Northwind.mdb (or NWIND.MDB in Microsoft Access 1.x or 2.0).

To create a function that sets the value of a parameter in a parameter query, follow these steps:

  Open the sample database Northwind.mdb (or NWIND.MDB in Microsoft Access 1.x or 2.0) and create the following query:

     Query: Customer Orders Parameter Query -     Type: Select Query Field: CustomerID (or Customer ID in Microsoft Access 1.x or 2.0) Table: Orders Criteria: [Forms]![Search Form]![Customer To Find] Field: OrderID    (or Order ID in Microsoft Access 1.x or 2.0) Table: Orders Field: OrderDate (or Order Date in Microsoft Access 1.x or 2.0) Table: Orders   Create the following form based on the Orders table:

<pre class="fixed_text">     Form: Search Form Text box: ControlName: Customer To Find ControlSource: CustomerID Command button: ControlName: Button0 Caption: ParamQD OnClick: =ParamQD

NOTE: The OnClick property is called the OnPush property in Microsoft Access version 1.x. </li>  Create a module and add the following code.

NOTE: In the following sample code, an underscore (_) at the end of a line is used as a line-continuation character. Remove the underscore from the end of the line when re-creating this code in Access Basic.

<pre class="fixed_text">     '**************************************************************** ' Declarations Section '****************************************************************     Option Compare Database Option Explicit

'****************************************************************     ' Function ParamQD '     ' Purpose: To demonstrate how to set the value of a parameter that '         references a form. '****************************************************************

Function ParamQD Dim MyDB As Database Dim MyQDef As QueryDef Dim MyDyna As Recordset   '(in Microsoft Access 7.0 and 97 only)

'Dim MyDyna As Dynaset    '(in Microsoft Access 1.x and 2.0 only)

Set MyDB = CurrentDB

Set MyQDef = MyDB.QueryDefs("Customer Orders Parameter Query") '(above line in Microsoft Access 7.0 and 97 only)

'Set MyQDef = MyDB.OpenQueryDef("Customer Orders Parameter_        ' Query") '(above line in Microsoft Access 1.x and 2.0 only)

' Set the value of the parameter. MyQDef![Forms!Search Form!Customer To Find] = Forms![Search _ Form]![Customer To Find]

' Create the recordset (or dynaset). Set MyDyna = MyQDef.OpenRecordset '(in Microsoft Access 7.0 and                                              ' 97 only)

' Set MyDyna = MyQDef.CreateDynaset'(in Microsoft Access 1.x                                             ' and 2.0 only) MyDyna.MoveLast MsgBox MyDyna.RecordCount MyDyna.Close MyQDef.Close End Function </li></ol>

When you enter a CustomerID on the Orders form and choose the ParamQD button, the ParamQD function runs and a message box is displayed indicating how many orders that customer has.

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